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Background data and explainers for election coverage, with sourced tables.
Services · Psephology and analytics
Public election results plus fresh survey evidence, analysed at constituency and booth level
Bharat Survey is a political data analytics company in India for campaigns, media, researchers and businesses that need to understand electoral trends. We combine official Election Commission results with GPS-verified field surveys to show where vote shares moved, which issues drove it and what the uncertainty is. Everything is aggregate: we analyse constituencies, segments and polling-station areas, never individual voters.
- Historical ECI results cleaned and mapped
- Swing and turnout analysis by segment
- Survey data linked to past results by area
- Clear uncertainty ranges on every estimate
Ram Kumar · shift on
26.8467 N · 80.9462 E · ±12 m
14
Received
12
Accepted
1
Review
1
Outside
3,000
Target homes
2,184
Visits
1,962
Completed
1,871
Accepted
Daily accepted surveysLast 12 days
Quality
Accepted1871
In review64
Outside area19
Weak signal8
Top issues · by panchayat
Water62%
Roads48%
Power31%
Drains24%
Form 20 resultsSwing analysisTurnout patternsDelimitation mappingIssue driversSeat rangesScenario notesAggregate-only data
What psephology is
Psephology is the statistical study of elections: results, turnout, swings and the behaviour of voter groups. A psephology company in India does this with public result data, survey evidence and careful attention to what the data can support.
The raw material is public. The Election Commission of India publishes constituency results and, through Form 20, polling station-wise vote counts for assembly and Lok Sabha elections. Those files are messy — scanned PDFs, name changes, boundary changes after delimitation — and most analysis errors start with a cleaning shortcut.
Survey data adds the 'why'. Results tell you a party gained six points in a region; a well-designed survey tells you which groups moved and what issue they mention. We join the two by geography, not by individual.
Psephology services India clients typically ask for
Our psephology services in India cover historical result databases for a state, swing and turnout analysis, segment-wise trends inside a Lok Sabha seat, and survey-based seat range estimates with stated assumptions.
- Clean result tables across several elections
- Booth-area swing maps from Form 20 data
- Turnout change by region and locality type
- Survey-weighted vote share estimates
- Scenario notes on alliances and turnout
Psephologist India limits: what no analyst can tell you
A psephologist in India can estimate ranges and explain patterns. No one can forecast close contests with certainty, and in first-past-the-post seats a small swing can flip many results. We state that in every report.
Public data sources we use
- ECI statistical reports
- Form 20 polling station results
- Delimitation Commission orders
- Census 2011 tables
- State election commission results for local bodies
From data to decisions
Political data analytics is mostly careful plumbing followed by restrained interpretation.
01Build the result baseClean
Build the result base
Extract results from ECI publications, standardise party and candidate names, and map polling stations to current constituency boundaries.
- Name standardisation
- Boundary mapping
- Validation against totals
3,000
Target outlets
2,184
Visited
1,962
Audited
1,871
Accepted
Daily accepted auditsLast 12 days
02Swing and turnoutMeasure
Swing and turnout
Calculate vote share change and turnout change by segment and area type, separating real swing from boundary effects.
- Two-party and multi-party swing
- Turnout deltas
- Outlier checks
Ram Kumar · shift on
26.8467 N · 80.9462 E · ±12 m
14
Received
12
Accepted
1
Review
1
Outside
03Field survey where results can't explainAsk
Field survey where results can't explain
Random household surveys in selected areas answer why vote shares moved: issues, scheme reach, candidate perception.
- GPS-verified interviews
- Private vote question
- Local language
Survey 3/6 · AmenitiesOffline
How is drinking water in your area?
- Comes regularly
- Comes sometimes
- Rarely / never
- Don't know
✓ Section saved on phone · autosave
BackNext
04Estimates with uncertaintyReport
Estimates with uncertainty
Findings reported with ranges, sample sizes and the assumptions that would change the conclusion.
- Seat ranges
- Scenario notes
- Methodology annex
3,000
Target homes
2,184
Visits
1,962
Completed
1,871
Accepted
Daily accepted surveysLast 12 days
Our view on election analytics
Clients
A political analytics company in India serves more than campaigns. The same neutral method works for each.
Researchers
Clean result datasets and survey modules for academic work.
Campaigns
Segment-level trends and issue drivers for planning.
Businesses
Context on policy continuity risk in states where they invest.
Risk
Companies planning a plant, a concession or a long contract in a state often want to know how policy might shift after an election. Our political risk analysis services in India are research-based: historical result volatility, how often governments have changed, public opinion on relevant policies from survey data, and a list of scheduled elections that could affect the timeline.
We don't forecast which party will win or advise on lobbying. The output is a factual briefing with sources and survey findings, so your team can weigh the risk.
Risk briefing contents
- Election calendar from ECI and SEC
- Result volatility by state
- Public opinion on relevant policy
- Local-body election timings
- Sources and data limits
Boundaries
| Data type | Used? | Why |
|---|---|---|
| ECI constituency and Form 20 results | Public, official, aggregate | |
| Census 2011 area tables | Public, aggregate demographics | |
| Consented survey responses | Anonymous, reported for groups only | |
| Voter-roll personal data | Not imported; no individual profiling | |
| Scraped social media profiles | Consent and accuracy problems | |
| Caste of named individuals | Not collected; any group analysis is aggregate and lawful |
Not the right fit if
- Voter-level micro-targeting lists
- A guaranteed result prediction
- Analysis based on leaked or scraped personal data
- Content for disinformation or negative campaigning
A good fit if
- Trustworthy historical result databases
- Swing and turnout analysis you can explain
- Survey evidence on why votes moved
- Neutral briefings for media and business
Political survey solutions
Constituency research and war-room software.
Learn moreOpinion poll survey
Fresh survey evidence on issues and mood.
Learn moreMedia poll partner
Polling partnerships for newsrooms.
Learn moreExit poll survey
Polling-day research.
Learn moreराजनीतिक सर्वे (Hindi)
Political research in Hindi.
Learn moreFAQ
Straight answers to the questions people ask most about this topic.
Psephology meaning?
Psephology is the scientific study of elections and voting — results, turnout, swings and the behaviour of groups of voters — using statistics and surveys. The word comes from the Greek 'psephos', the pebble ancient Greeks used to vote. A psephologist interprets these patterns and estimates outcomes with stated uncertainty.
Where does election result data in India come from?
The Election Commission of India publishes statistical reports for Lok Sabha and assembly elections, including Form 20 polling station-wise results. State Election Commissions publish results for panchayat and municipal elections. We cite the exact files used in every report.
Do you use voter lists for analytics?
No. We don't import electoral roll personal data or build profiles of individual voters. Our analysis uses public aggregate results and anonymous survey responses reported for groups and areas.
Can analytics predict seat counts?
It can estimate ranges under stated assumptions. In close multi-cornered contests small changes in vote share shift many seats, so we report ranges and scenarios rather than a single number.
India Nationwide, Hindi-first
Tell us the state, elections and questions. We will propose a data and survey plan with clear limits.